LiPo (Lithium Polymer) batteries are the most common power source for consumer, hobby and light industrial drones. Most drone battery packs are made of 3.7V LiPo cells.
These rechargeable batteries use lithium-ion chemistry and a polymer electrolyte. They are light, small and can output high current, which is perfect for drone motors that need quick power for takeoff, climbing and turning.
A battery’s performance and safety depend not only on its chemistry, but also on the BMS (Battery Management System) that controls and protects the battery all the time.
Why 3.7V?
The 3.7V nominal voltage comes from the lithium-ion chemistry inside:
- Fully discharged: around 3.0V
- Fully charged: 4.2V
The BMS keeps the voltage in this safe range. It stops overcharging and over-discharging to protect the battery.
We can connect multiple 3.7V cells in series to make higher-voltage packs (e.g. 7.4V 2S, 11.1V 3S), and the BMS keeps every cell safe.
How LiPo batteries work during flight
When discharging (flying)
Lithium ions move inside the battery to power the motors, flight controller and sensors. The BMS watches temperature, voltage and current to keep the battery safe.
When charging
Ions move back to recharge the cell. The BMS controls voltage and current to avoid overcharging, which can damage the battery.
Why choose LiPo for drones?
- High energy density: Light weight + more power = longer flight time
- High discharge capability: Delivers fast power for quick drone moves
The BMS makes these benefits safe and stable.
Uses
- Consumer/hobby drones: Cheap and light, with basic BMS for safety
- Professional/industrial drones: Reliable power with advanced BMS for long, heavy work
Capacity & flight time
Capacity (mAh) shows how much charge the battery holds.
- Higher mAh usually means longer flight time, but also more weight
- Flight time is not just about capacity — heavier batteries need more power to fly
The BMS prevents deep discharge and keeps performance steady.
What the BMS does
The BMS is the smart protector of LiPo batteries:
- Monitors voltage and current, cuts power if unsafe
- Balances cells to keep them charged evenly
- Controls temperature, reduces load or shuts down if overheating
How to charge properly
- Use a dedicated LiPo charger that works with the BMS
- Do not charge too fast or over the safe voltage
The BMS prevents damage from wrong charging.
Self-discharge
LiPo batteries slowly lose power over time. Many BMS have a storage mode to keep the battery at a safe voltage when not in use.
Safety
Main risks: overcharging, deep discharge, physical damage, overheating (may cause swelling, leaks or fire).
The BMS protects against these dangers in real time.
How to choose the right LiPo battery
- Match the
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